The Gambia

The Gambia, a small West African country, is known for its diverse ecosystems, ranging from savannas to wetlands along the Gambia River, supporting a rich variety of flora and fauna.

Flora and Fauna

The country is home to about 1,200 plant species, including mangroves, baobabs, and various grass species that thrive in its wetlands and savannas. The country’s landscapes range from open savannas to riverine wetlands, creating habitats for a wide variety of species. Gambia’s varied landscapes support a wide range of plants, from tropical trees to shrubs.

Gambia is home to over 80 mammal species, including the famous African elephant, which can occasionally be found in protected areas. The Gambia River, along with its wetlands, is vital for birdlife, hosting around 540 species, including migratory birds, herons, egrets, and the endangered African spoonbill. Other notable mammals in Gambia include baboons, vervet monkeys, and hyenas. The savannas and forests also support a variety of reptiles, such as crocodiles and tortoises.

THe country's national parks and nature reserves, such as Kiang West National Park and River Gambia National Park, protect both land and water wildlife. These areas are vital for preserving biodiversity and promoting ecotourism.

Baobab trees are used in local products such as food, medicine, and cosmetics. The Gambia also continues to explore sustainable ways to use its natural resources.

National Flora and Fauna

The spotted hyena, (Crocuta crocuta) is the national animal.

Issued 1938: King George VI Definitive Series - 1 shilling, African Elephant (Loxodonta africana).

Issued 1953: Queen Elizabeth II Definitive Series - ½ penny, Tapping for Palm Wine.

Issued 1978: WWF, Abuko Nature Reserve Series - 20 butut, Verreaux's Eagle-Owl (Bubo lacteus).

Issued 1978: WWF, Abuko Nature Reserve Series - 25 butut, Lizard Buzzard (Kaupifalco monogrammicus).

Issued 1978: WWF, Abuko Nature Reserve Series - 50 butut, West African Harrier-hawk (Polyboroides pectoralis).

Issued 1978: WWF, Abuko Nature Reserve Series - 1.25 dalasi, Long-crested Hawk Eagle (Lophoaetus occipitallis).

Issued 1984: WWF, Nile Crocodile Series - 90 butut, Nile Crocodile (Crocodylus niloticus).

Issued 2001: Duck & Geese Series - 3 dalasi, Wood Duck (Aix sponsa).