Dom Fernando (1403–1478)

The Father of His Country

Dom Fernando

Issued in 1965, This stamp commemorates the 500th Anniversary on the cilty of Braganza. It depicts Dom Fernando (1403–1478), a towering figure in Portuguese history affectionately known as Pai da Pátria (“The Father of His Country”). As the second Duke of Braganza, Dom Fernando played a pivotal role in shaping Portugal’s military and political legacy, particularly during its campaigns in North Africa. Despite initially opposing the 1437 campaign to capture Tangier, he demonstrated exceptional leadership during the ill-fated siege. Following the campaign's failure, Dom Fernando fiercely resisted the treaty terms, ensuring that Portugal retained the vital city of Ceuta.

His influence only grew over the years. In 1455, he was made the first Marquis of Vila Viçosa, cementing his position within the powerful House of Braganza, one of Portugal’s wealthiest and most significant families. In 1458, Dom Fernando led a victorious campaign to capture Alcácer Ceguer in North Africa, further solidifying his reputation as a strategic leader. Although he never ascended to the throne, his legacy paved the way for the House of Braganza to rise as Portugal’s royal family in 1640. His enduring contributions to the nation earned him lasting respect and his distinguished nickname.

Bragança: A City of History and Discovery

The city of Bragança, closely tied to Dom Fernando's legacy, is located in northeastern Portugal. Known as Brigantia during Roman times, it was an important centre for trade and defence, later evolving into a medieval stronghold. Bragança became the heart of the influential Braganza family, who shaped Portugal’s history across generations.

Today, Bragança offers a unique blend of history and nature. Visitors can wander its winding streets, admire its well-preserved medieval castle built in 1187, and explore the Montesinho Natural Park, known for its rich wildlife and scenic trails.

A Journey Through Time

  • Ancient Beginnings: Settlements in Bragança date back to the Stone Age, with early inhabitants cultivating crops and crafting tools. By the Bronze Age, fortified villages had appeared.
  • Roman Era: Under Roman rule, Bragança, part of Gallaecia, thrived as a hub of trade and infrastructure. Remnants of Roman roads and tools can still be seen today.
  • Medieval Period: During the Middle Ages, Bragança became a critical defensive city. The Braganza family fortified it further, constructing the iconic castle that still stands.
  • Jewish Heritage: In the 1400s, Bragança welcomed Jewish refugees from Spain, who enriched the city’s trade and craftsmanship until facing persecution.

Did You Know?

  • The Braganza family provided Portugal with many kings and even two emperors of Brazil.
  • Located just 22 km from the Spanish border, Bragança has long been a vital link between the two nations.
  • Dom Fernando’s legacy as a leader and the historical significance of Bragança are inextricably linked, making this stamp a celebration of Portugal’s rich heritage and the enduring influence of the Braganza family.

Stamp Specifications

  • Country: Portugal
  • Issue Date: 16 March 1965 to commemorate the 500th Anniversary of the City of Braganca
  • Design: By João Abel Manta, Depicts Dom Fernando dressed in armour, in the background is the coat of arms of the Braganzas.
  • Dimensions: 28 x 34 mm
  • Engraving: Casa da Moeda de Portugal
  • Printing Method: Offset lithography
  • Perforation: Comb 13½
  • Face Value: 1 escudo (1 ESC)
  • Stamps Issued: 9,000,000